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Combined Vaccine Vial Monitor (VVM) and Threshold Indicators (TI)
GAVI
Category
Safety monitoring
Country
Switzerland
Description
Currently, VVMs and TIs are not integrated. VVMs are placed on primary containers and standalone TIs are used in addition to VVMs when vaccines are kept in a controlled temperature chain (CTC). These TIs must be purchased and distributed separately from the vaccine and kept at temperatures below their threshold. They are placed in vaccine carriers and cold boxes (without icepacks) during CTC storage and transport.